Oral cancer: Current status and public health perspectives / Le cancer oral : état des lieux et perspectives de santé publique

Despite advances in surgical and oncological treatments, the incidence and five-year survival rates (~50 percent) of oral cancers (OC) have not improved over the last decades and remain a major public health problem. Seventy percent are still diagnosed at a late stage (T3 or T4), with an average delay in diagnosis of two to five months. As the cure and survival of patients are directly related to the development stage of the tumor at the time of diagnosis, the objective of this work was to analyze all the determinants related to oral cancer and to propose new clinical approaches for diagnosis and screening. A proposal for new models of screening, training, and concrete action to improve public awareness of the major global problem of OC is made. The strengths and weaknesses of OC screening studies need to be objectively understood to effectively guide and energize testing in primary care settings, with the prospect of using new and emerging technologies that can help improve the discriminatory accuracy of case detection. Most national organizations have not, to date, recommended population-based mass screening, due to a lack of sufficient scientific evidence of associated mortality reduction. Where health care resources are high, opportunistic individual screening is recommended, although the low diagnostic capacity of front-line clinicians is alarming.

Malgré les progrès des traitements chirurgicaux et oncologiques, les taux d'incidence et de survie à 5 ans (~50 %) liés aux cancers oraux (CO) ne se sont pas améliorés au cours des dernières décennies et demeurent un problème majeur de santé publique. 70 % sont encore diagnostiqués à un stade tardif (T3 ou T4), avec un délai de diagnostic moyen de 2 à 5 mois. La guérison et la survie des patients étant directement liées au stade de développement de la tumeur au moment du diagnostic, l'objectif de ce travail est d'analyser l'ensemble des déterminants liés au cancer oral et de proposer de nouvelles approches cliniques de diagnostic et de dépistage. De nouveaux modèles de dépistage, de formations et d'actions concrètes sont proposés pour mieux sensibiliser la population à la problématique mondiale majeure que constitue le CO. Les forces et faiblesses des études de dépistage du CO nécessitent d'être objectivement appréhendées, pour orienter efficacement les essais dans les établissements de soins primaires et les dynamiser, avec la perspective d'utiliser de nouvelles technologies émergentes qui peuvent aider à améliorer la précision discriminatoire de la détection des cas. La plupart des organisations nationales n'ont, jusqu'à présent, pas recommandé le dépistage massif de la population, en raison d'un manque de preuves scientifiques suffisantes quant à la réduction de la mortalité qui lui serait associée. Lorsque les ressources en soins de santé sont élevées, un dépistage individuel opportuniste est recommandé, bien que la faiblesse de la capacité diagnostique des cliniciens en première ligne soit alarmante.

Association between Malnutrition and Dental Caries in Iraqi Kurdish Children.

BACKGROUND: This paper aimed to study the association of serum Vitamin D level and Body Mass Index (BMI) as representatives of malnutrition at micro and macro levels, respectively, on dental caries. METHOD AND PARTICIPANTS: A total of 333 randomly selected children aged 6-12 years in Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq were examined for three variables of the Decayed Missed Filled Tooth (DMFT) index, BMI, and Vitamin D serum levels in a single-time cross-sectional snapshot. RESULTS: The majority of the population studied (70%) were Vitamin D deficient. In the linear regression analysis, both Vitamin D and BMI had insignificant effects on DMFT, with p-values of 0.22 and 0.55, respectively. After the categorization of the data, the risk estimate between normal (≥20 ng/mL) and deficient (<20 ng/mL) Vitamin D groups with regards to the caries and caries-free categories was 1.97 (95% CI: 0.91-4.24). According to the mean and median of the DMFT, which were both 4, the sample is categorized into the low-caries group (DMFT < 4) and high-caries group (DMFT > 4). When these groups are compared to Vitamin D levels and taking 20 and 15 as thresholds, the odds ratios were 1.19 (CI: 0.74-1.92) and 1.88 (CI: 1.20-2.94), respectively. Regarding the BMI, a normal BMI increases the chances of having a lower caries index (OR = 1.83, CI: 1.10-3.03). CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that having a serum Vitamin D level ≥15 ng/mL and having a normal BMI are associated with a lower caries index in children.

Biomimetic Coatings in Implant Dentistry: A Quick Update.

Biomimetic dental implants are regarded as one of the recent clinical advancements in implant surface modification. Coatings with varying thicknesses and roughness may affect the dental implant surface's chemical inertness, cell adhesion, and antibacterial characteristics. Different surface coatings and mechanical surface changes have been studied to improve osseointegration and decrease peri-implantitis. The surface medication increases surface energy, leading to enhanced cell proliferation and growth factors, and, consequently, to a rise in the osseointegration process. This review provides a comprehensive update on the numerous biomimetic coatings used to improve the surface characteristics of dental implants and their applications in two main categories: coating to improve osseointegration, including the hydroxyapatite layer and nanocomposites, growth factors (BMPs, PDGF, FGF), and extracellular matrix (collagen, elastin, fibronectin, chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronan, and other proteoglycans), and coatings for anti-bacterial performance, covering drug-coated dental implants (antibiotic, statin, and bisphosphonate), antimicrobial peptide coating (GL13K and human beta defensins), polysaccharide antibacterial coatings (natural chitosan and its coupling agents) and metal elements (silver, zinc, and copper).

Oral-Hygiene-Related Mobile Apps in the French App Stores: Assessment of Functionality and Quality.

Mobile health apps can contribute to increased quality of individual oral hygiene behaviors. This study provides an overview and an evaluation of quality of oral-hygiene-related mobile apps currently available in Google Play Store and the French Apple App. A shortlist of nine apps was assessed by 10 oral health professionals using the Mobile App Rating Scale. Intraclass correlation was used to evaluate interrater agreement. Best quality scores were obtained by Oral-B (3.4 ± 0.97), Colgate Connect (3.20 ± 0.63), and Preventeeth (3.10 ± 1.1) and worst ones by Mimizaur se brosse les dents (1.80 ± 0.79) and Kolibree (2.30 ± 0.82). The subjective quality scores ranged from 2.62 ± 0.61 (Oral-B) to 1.5 ± 0.61 (MSD). Specificity of the content ranged from 3.46 ± 0.84 (Preventeeth) to 1.78 ± 0.47 (Mimizaur se brosse les dents). Thus, even if oral health professionals positively evaluated the quality of oral-hygiene-related mobile apps, they are less assertive concerning their impact on the user's knowledge, attitudes, and intentions to change, as well as the likelihood of actual change in the oral hygiene behavior. Further investigations are needed to assess whether information from these apps is consistent with oral hygiene recommendations and to determine the long-term impacts of these apps.

Relationship between internet research data of oral neoplasms and public health programs in the European Union.

BACKGROUND: Tobacco and alcohol are the main risk factors for oral squamous cell carcinoma, the low survival rate of which is a public health problem. European-wide health policies (a prevention campaign, tobacco packaging) have been put in place to inform the population of the risks associated with consumption. Due to the increase in smoking among women, the incidence of this disease remains high. The identification of internet research data on the population could help to measure the impact of and better position these preventive measures. The objective was to analyze a potential temporal association between public health programs and interest in oral cancers on the internet in the European Union (EU). METHODS: A search of data from Google ©, Wikipedia © and Twitter © users in 28 European countries relating to oral cancer between 2004 and 2019 was completed. Bibliometric analysis of press and scientific articles over the same period was also performed. The association between these data and the introduction of public health programs in Europe was studied. RESULTS: There was a temporal association between changes in tobacco packaging and a significant increase in internet searches for oral cancer in seven countries. Unlike national policies and ad campaigns, the European awareness program Make Sense has had no influence on internet research. There was an asymmetric correlation in internet searches between publications on oral cancer from scientific articles or "traditional" media (weak association) and those from internet media such as Twitter © or Wikipedia © (strong association). CONCLUSION: Our work highlights seven areas around which oral cancer awareness in Europe could be refocused, such as a change in the communication of health warnings on cigarette packs, the establishment of a more explicit campaign name regarding oral cancer, the involvement of public figures and associations in initiatives to be organized at the local level and the strengthening of awareness of the dangers of tobacco in the development of oral cancer.

Characterizing the Content Related to Oral Health Education on TikTok.

Neglecting oral hygiene in adolescents negatively affects dental caries and periodontal diseases, in addition to social and emotional well-being. Thus, the TikTok platform (ByteDance, Beijing, China)as a social media could be a powerful channel to provide health-related information and educational content. This study aims to assess the quality of the TikTok videos corresponding to #oralhealtheducation. Sixty-nine videos were identified. Three oral health professionals (OHP), three health education professionals (HEP), and ten of TikTok's target audience watched and evaluated the videos from a qualitative questionnaire. OHP detected false or incorrect information in 11.6% (8/69) of the videos. At least two HEPs reported being unable to detect this type of content or whether the video met dental ethics standards in both the videos. Disagreement was observed among the professionals themselves. The evaluation indicated that TikTok's target audience was satisfied with the products viewed with an average score of >2.5, unlike the professionals, whose average score was <2.5 on a scale of 0 to 5. Users are advised to think critically and to consider the content of TikTok oral health videos with caution. The involvement of health professionals in the writing and validation of the videos could be an added value to positively respond to the needs of the adolescents.

Promoting Health via mHealth Applications Using a French Version of the Mobile App Rating Scale: Adaptation and Validation Study.

BACKGROUND: In the recent decades, the number of apps promoting health behaviors and health-related strategies and interventions has increased alongside the number of smartphone users. Nevertheless, the validity process for measuring and reporting app quality remains unsatisfactory for health professionals and end users and represents a public health concern. The Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) is a tool validated and widely used in the scientific literature to evaluate and compare mHealth app functionalities. However, MARS is not adapted to the French culture nor to the language. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to translate, adapt, and validate the equivalent French version of MARS (ie, MARS-F). METHODS: The original MARS was first translated to French by two independent bilingual scientists, and their common version was blind back-translated twice by two native English speakers, culminating in a final well-established MARS-F. Its comprehensibility was then evaluated by 6 individuals (3 researchers and 3 nonacademics), and the final MARS-F version was created. Two bilingual raters independently completed the evaluation of 63 apps using MARS and MARS-F. Interrater reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients. In addition, internal consistency and validity of both scales were assessed. Mokken scale analysis was used to investigate the scalability of both MARS and MARS-F. RESULTS: MARS-F had a good alignment with the original MARS, with properties comparable between the two scales. The correlation coefficients (r) between the corresponding dimensions of MARS and MARS-F ranged from 0.97 to 0.99. The internal consistencies of the MARS-F dimensions engagement (ω=0.79), functionality (ω=0.79), esthetics (ω=0.78), and information quality (ω=0.61) were acceptable and that for the overall MARS score (ω=0.86) was good. Mokken scale analysis revealed a strong scalability for MARS (Loevinger H=0.37) and a good scalability for MARS-F (H=0.35). CONCLUSIONS: MARS-F is a valid tool, and it would serve as a crucial aid for researchers, health care professionals, public health authorities, and interested third parties, to assess the quality of mHealth apps in French-speaking countries.

Determination of Facial References for Esthetic Restorative Treatment.

Although it is generally accepted that a prosthetic restoration must take into account the gingiva, smile, and patient's face, it is often difficult to determine precisely what facial references must be considered. The purpose of this study was to determine the correct vertical and horizontal facial reference planes in esthetic prosthetic treatment. Using photographic analysis of 160 individuals, the different facial reference planes (interpupillary, intermeatic, intercommissural, and incisal edge lines; facial midline; and Camper and Frankfort planes) were compared to the ideal prosthetic reconstruction axis. Additional measurements, including the human eye's ability to perceive parallelism, were recorded. Most participants (64%) exhibited facial asymmetry. Asymmetry was horizontal (difference between widths of the right and left sides; 52.4%), vertical (difference between heights of the right and left sides; 6.9%), or mixed (4.7%). The interpupillary line is the main horizontal reference in 88.4% of situations, with the intercommissural line the second most important. In the profile view, the horizontal plane was on average 6.5 degrees above the Camper plane and 9 degrees below the Frankfort plane. The human eye's ability to perceive parallelism between two lines was found to be limited to differences of approximately 1 degree. During anterior tooth reconstruction, it is necessary to take into account the right horizontal and vertical esthetic references. Knowledge of the biometric facial parameters in natural dentition is necessary to define the right reconstruction axes based on the facial symmetry or asymmetry.

[Oral care and the Coronavirus COVID-19 epidemic]. / Soins bucco-dentaires et épidémie de Coronavirus COVID-19.

The COVID-19 Coronavirus epidemic started in December 2019 in China, and progressed very quickly in France. Its consequences were the implementation of national measures such as the containment of the population, but also a disorganization of the healthcare system, in particular concerning oral care. Indeed, dental procedures produce aerosols which can be loaded with viral particles, and as such, constitute a major contamination route by the virus. At the request of the Conference of Deans of the Faculties of Odontology, the National College of University Dentists in Public Health (CNCDUSP) set up a working group in order to issue recommendations for oral care in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic, given the specific risks faced by practitioners. Considering the lack of awareness of the specifics of dentistry in the medical world and among decision-makers, and given the speed with which national measures to fight the epidemic were implemented, the recommendations of the CNCDUSP had to be drawn up rigorously and quickly before being released to the profession. They take into account epidemiological data related to the virus, the specificities of oral care, and thus propose protective measures for dental surgery professionals.The necessary adaptation of the healthcare system during an epidemic will certainly make it possible to learn lessons from this health crisis.

[Oral care and the Coronavirus COVID-19 epidemic] / Soins bucco-dentaires et épidémie de Coronavirus COVID-19.

The COVID-19 Coronavirus epidemic started in December 2019 in China, and progressed very quickly in France. Its consequences were the implementation of national measures such as the containment of the population, but also a disorganization of the healthcare system, in particular concerning oral care. Indeed, dental procedures produce aerosols which can be loaded with viral particles, and as such, constitute a major contamination route by the virus. At the request of the Conference of Deans of the Faculties of Odontology, the National College of University Dentists in Public Health (CNCDUSP) set up a working group in order to issue recommendations for oral care in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic, given the specific risks faced by practitioners. Considering the lack of awareness of the specifics of dentistry in the medical world and among decision-makers, and given the speed with which national measures to fight the epidemic were implemented, the recommendations of the CNCDUSP had to be drawn up rigorously and quickly before being released to the profession. They take into account epidemiological data related to the virus, the specificities of oral care, and thus propose protective measures for dental surgery professionals.The necessary adaptation of the healthcare system during an epidemic will certainly make it possible to learn lessons from this health crisis.

Soins bucco-dentaires et épidémie de Coronavirus COVID-19.

The COVID-19 Coronavirus epidemic started in December 2019 in China, and progressed very quickly in France. Its consequences were the implementation of national measures such as the containment of the population, but also a disorganization of the healthcare system, in particular concerning oral care. Indeed, dental procedures produce aerosols which can be loaded with viral particles, and as such, constitute a major contamination route by the virus. At the request of the Conference of Deans of the Faculties of Odontology, the National College of University Dentists in Public Health (CNCDUSP) set up a working group in order to issue recommendations for oral care in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic, given the specific risks faced by practitioners. Considering the lack of awareness of the specifics of dentistry in the medical world and among decision-makers, and given the speed with which national measures to fight the epidemic were implemented, the recommendations of the CNCDUSP had to be drawn up rigorously and quickly before being released to the profession. They take into account epidemiological data related to the virus, the specificities of oral care, and thus propose protective measures for dental surgery professionals.The necessary adaptation of the healthcare system during an epidemic will certainly make it possible to learn lessons from this health crisis.

Peri-implantitis risk factors: A prospective evaluation.

AIM: The aim of the present study was to create a tool to evaluate the risk of peri-implantitis according its severity. METHODS: After ethics committee approval, 43 patients provided signed consent and were included prospectively. Forty-five observations were recorded. The following criteria were recorded: number of implant faces showing bleeding and/or suppuration, pocket depth on at least two faces of the implant, bone loss as a function of the length of the implant evaluated on X-rays, number of implant faces with bacterial plaque, the parameters required for determination of excess cement (screwed or sealed prosthesis, burying of sealed prostheses), periodontal status, glycemia, and annual consumption of tobacco. Each of these parameters was plotted on a chart using Microsoft Excel. RESULTS: Seventeen of 45 (37.8%) cases were identified as having high peri-implantitis risk, two of 45 (4.4%) had low risk, and 11 of 45 (24.4%) had moderate risk; 33.3% patients did not have peri-implantitis and were considered at very low risk. CONCLUSION: The observed results applied to the evaluation model are an effective diagnostic tool in assessing the risk of peri-implantitis. The tool takes into account parameters, which have not been taken into account until now. The information is automatically processed and allows early management of peri-implantitis.

Educational outcomes of a new curriculum on interproximal oral prophylaxis for dental students.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a preclinical oral prophylaxis education program by examining the effectiveness of the teaching module on changes to the students' attitudes towards their individual hygiene behaviors with interdental brushes (IDBs). METHODS: As being part of a new didactic program on oral interproximal prophylaxis, all preclinical third-year students (n = 96) enrolled in the 2014/15 academic year received theoretical, preclinical, and clinical lessons on interproximal prophylaxis. The evaluation of educational outcomes was linked to observed changes in students' hygiene behaviors using interdental brushes. Knowledge, skills, attitudes, satisfaction, competence and performance were also explored. The evaluation interviews were recorded at each recall, i.e., 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 1 year after baseline. RESULTS: Motivation to use IDBs is clearly related to the perception of the effectiveness of the brushes and the perception of bleeding reduction. At one week, 89.6% of subjects reported using IDBs. Individual use decreased significantly from one week to one month (-26%, p = 0.006) while a non-significant upward trend occurred between one month and three months. Among students reporting usage of IDBs at 1 year (20.8%), only 2.0% used IDBs daily. Most students would recommend IDBs to other people at the beginning (69.8%). However, this share dropped to 50% at 3 months. IDB-users prescribed more than non-users. DISCUSSION AND PUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATIONS: The implementation of a module on interdental hygiene practices in the oral health program is strongly recommended. However, corrective measures should be considered regarding the organization and frequency of recall periods in order to improve the performance of the curriculum.

Peri-implantitis-associated methanogens: a preliminary report.

Methanogens have already been described in periodontitis but not in peri-implantitis. Thirty peri-implantitis samples and 28 control samples were collected in 28 consenting peri-implantitis patients. PCR-sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was used as a broad-spectrum screening method and results were further confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR targeting the mcrA genes. Results showed a methanogen community dominated by Methanobrevibacter oralis in 31/58 (51%) samples including 16/28 (57%) control samples and 15/30 (50%) peri-implantitis samples. Methanobrevibacter massiliense was detected in 5/58 (8.6%) samples including 3/28 (1%) control samples and 2/30 (6.7%) peri-implantitis samples. The prevalence of M. oralis or M. massiliense did not significantly differ in peri-implantitis and control samples (exact Fisher test, P = 0.61 and P = 0.67, respectively). Further ponderation of the methanogen load by the real-time quantitative PCR for actin human gene again indicated non-significant difference (Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test, P = 0.48 and P = 0.40, respectively). These data show that the prevalence of methanogens does not differ in peri-implantitis lesions and healthy sites, when individuals are their own control. These data do not allow assigning a specific pathogenic role to methanogens in peri-implantitis; methanogens rather are part of the commensal and normal flora of the oral cavity.

Multiphoton Microscopy for Caries Detection with ICDAS Classification.

Dentin carious lesion is a dynamic process that involves demineralization and collagen denaturation. Collagen type I is the major protein in dentin and it has been investigated based on its optical properties. Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) is a nonlinear imaging technique that reveals the caries process using the collagen two-photon excitation fluorescence (2PEF) and its second-harmonic generation (SHG). Combining the histological and the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) classifications with nonlinear optical spectroscopy (NLOS), 2PEF and SHG intensities of enamel and dentin were highly altered during the caries process. It has been proven that the ratio SHG/2PEF is a relevant indicator of the organic matrix denaturation [Terrer et al.: J Dent Res 2016; 96: 574-579]. In the present study, a series of measurable signals is made to detect early stages of carious lesion according to the ICDAS classification and to explore the relationship between these measures and the ICDAS scale. Comparison of the efficiency of nonlinear optical signals for caries detection with the ICDAS classification is essential to evaluate their potential for clinical application. In our study, the use of the NLOS measured by MPM allowed us to monitor a quantitative parameter (SHG/2PEF ratio) according to the dentin carious lesion state (ICDAS and histological examination). Three coherent new groups were defined (ICDAS 0/1; ICDAS 2/3; ICDAS 4/5/6), where the carious process can be clearly described with a statistically significant decrease of the SHG/2PEF ratio.

Inter- and Intra-Operator Reliability of Facial and Dental Measurements Using 3D-Stereophotogrammetry.

OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to assess the reproducibility of an innovative method for facial analysis with three-dimensional-stereophotogrammetry (3D-spg). METHODS: Twelve subjects with no obvious malocclusion participated in this study. For each of them, four photographs were acquired using the LifeViz(TM) , an absolute calibration 3D-spg system. The facial reconstructions were analyzed with the DermaPix(TM) image management software. Two different operators recorded distances between landmarks and each operator repeated the measurements after one week. The intra- and inter-examiner reproducibilities were assessed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). RESULTS: This study showed reproducible intra and inter-examiners results for facial measurements (ICC comprised between 0.732 and 0.976) except for measurements that involve the inner part of the dental corridor (ICC comprised between 0.598 and 0.914). CONCLUSION: The measurements recorded by 3D-LifeViz(TM) system are accurate and reliable for research and clinical use. Moreover, it is simple and inexpensive compared with other 3D methods (laser scanner, 3D Computed Tomography, and 3D Cone Beam CT). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The inter- and intra-operator reliability of the LifeViz(TM) 3D-spg method was demonstrated. The LifeViz(TM) 3D-spg method might be a useful method to accomplish indirect 3D measurements that are relevant to dental and facial diagnosis. (J Esthet Restor Dent, 2016).

Alveolar bone loss and ageing: possible association with coronary heart diseases and/or severe vascular diseases.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to utilise a new methodological approach based on radiographic examinations to demonstrate a potential association between coronary heart diseases (CHD) as well as severe hypertension and alveolar bone loss (ABL) in older adults. BACKGROUND: Many studies, primarily assessing clinical parameters, underline the association between periodontal diseases and cardiovascular diseases. The relationship between ABL and CHD/vascular diseases (VD) is potentially of high importance because of their prevalence in populations, and they represent an important issue in the fields of epidemiology and public health. Therefore, this topic was approached with new tools. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was comprised of 236 participants over 50 years. A clinical examination and a radiographic assessment of ABL were performed. Direct measures of alveolar bone level were recorded using CT scans, and different variables were studied (age, sex, Plaque index, cigarettes per day, coronary heart disease and vascular disease status). A medical examination report was attached to the investigation file. RESULTS: The results confirmed a positive association between CHD/VD and periodontal destruction; alveolar bone destruction represented a risk factor for CHD/VD [odds ratio (OR): 1.27; 95% CI: 1.01-1.60; p < 0.037]. CONCLUSION: This study supports an association between periodontal diseases and CHD/VD independent of known confounders, although an aetiological link of causality has not been established.

Gender Determination of Adult Individuals by Three-Dimensional Modeling of Canines.

Gender determination is a fundamental issue in forensic anthropology. Many techniques based on bone and dental remains have been proposed. It is not always possible to implement the techniques using bones, but teeth are often perfectly preserved. It has been demonstrated that the canine has the greatest sexual dimorphism, and the aim of this work was to provide an easy and accurate dental technique for determining the gender in the absence of other skeletal elements. The sample was composed of 210 CT scans with four healthy canines. The 840 canines were modeled using MIMICS® 10.01 software. The total volume of each tooth was determined. Seven mathematical models were determined by binary logistic regressions and ranked in order of relative performance. The seven proposed predictive models thus performed (0.910≤AUC≤0.938), with overall rates of correct predictions between 82.38 and 85.24%. The 4-canine model is the most powerful for predicting the gender.

Estimation of Age Using Alveolar Bone Loss: Forensic and Anthropological Applications.

The objective of this study was to utilize a new odontological methodological approach based on radiographic for age estimation. The study was comprised of 397 participants aged between 9 and 87 years. A clinical examination and a radiographic assessment of alveolar bone loss were performed. Direct measures of alveolar bone level were recorded using CT scans. A medical examination report was attached to the investigation file. Because of the link between alveolar bone loss and age, a model was proposed to enable simple, reliable, and quick age estimation. This work added new arguments for age estimation. This study aimed to develop a simple, standardized, and reproducible technique for age estimation of adults of actual populations in forensic medicine and ancient populations in funeral anthropology.